| Does Rutherford understand? |
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 | It makes sense! Most of the atom must be made up of empty space, however... | |
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| Rutherford makes a conclusion. |
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| ...most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in the small center called the nucleus and the nucleus must be composed of large positive particles (protons). | |
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| Hmmm, but if the center is all positive particles, why don't they push each other apart? There must be other heavy particles that have no charge that are preventing the protons from pushing each other apart. | |
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